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%O = KCONTINUOUS IMPROVMENT*  T Responding to changing market conditions ++ + LLEARNING OUTCOME  & to understand the meaning of innovation & to understand the relationship between continuous improvement and added valueyy y N INNOVATION    the adoption of an idea or behaviour, whether a system, policy, program, device, process or service, that is new to the adopting organisation. (Damanpour, 1992)  something new or improved, which is done by the enterprise to significantly add value either directly or indirectly for the enterprise or its customers. (The Innovation Study Commission)d""&    OCONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT (CI)  r  The collection of activities that constitute a process indented to achieve performance improvement. (Jha et al., 1996) Improved production efficiency Enhanced customer satisfaction fg?f?&h  O W COMPETITIVE REQUIREMETNS   Q"THE BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP MATRIX # R  SWOT ANALYSIS  VStrengths (internal) Weaknesses (internal) Opportunities (external) Threats (external) W P  S     T    U    /XO  0  O(     c vAPpuppy-dog-cartoon-character-with-collar} 6 X 0  c 6Acashcow @  X 0r  S j M }    h  ;`  #"LM; `}   N  ?"6@ NNN?N ` MA dog: Small share in a market that is not growing. Short term profitability.&NH N o(  Nh& ?"6@ NNN?N   TA cash cow: Large share in a market that is not growing, and may even be shrinking.&U I U o(  ND ?"6@ NNN?N ;`  PA question mark: Small share in a rapidly growing market. Opportunity to grow. &Q@ Q o(X  N8D ?"6@ NNN?N ;  (A star: High share in a growing market.&)! ) o(B   No ?"0@NNN?N ;`;B   H1 ?"0@NNN?N  ` B   No ?"0@NNN?N `B   No ?"0@NNN?N ; B  H1 ?"0@NNN?N ; B  No ?"0@NNN?N`;`  N?"6@ NNN?N "   c \A6question_mark_naught101_01{*6  X 0H  0޽h ? 3ff~80___PPT10.ަG$  0 $(  r  S M }   r  S ; `  H  0޽h ? 3ff~80___PPT10.ަ@A  0    (  X  C 4      S rj 4 @    z The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix provides a firm an opportunity to assess how well its business units work together. Each business unit is evaluated in terms of two factors: market share and the growth prospects in the market. Generally, the larger a firm s share, the stronger its position, and the greater the growth in a market, the better future possibilities. Four combinations emerge: A star represents a business unit that has a high share in a growing market. For example, Motorola has a large share in the rapidly growing market for cellular phones. A question mark results when a unit has a small share in a rapidly growing market. The firm s position, then, is not as strong as it would have been had its market share been greater, but there is an opportunity to grow. For example, Hewlett-Packard has a small share of the digital camera market, but this is a very rapidly growing market. A cash cow results when a firm has a large share in a market that is not growing, and may even be shrinking. Brother has a large share of the typewriter market. A dog results when a business unit has a small share in a market that is not growing. This is generally a somewhat unattractive situation, although dogs can still be profitable in the short run. 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